Article Type : Short commentary
Authors : Pestova IV
Keywords : Expertise; Special conditions for education; Monitoring; Special educational needs; Limited health opportunities; Recommendations of the PMPC; Psychological and pedagogical support; Psychological and pedagogical consultation
The article deals with practical and
organizational aspects that need to be observed when examining the conditions
in which children with disabilities are trained. These conditions should have a
certain specificity and comply with the recommendations of the Psychological,
Medical and Pedagogical Commission (PMPC).The presented materials are practical
and applied developments of specialists of TPMPC (Territorial Psychological,
Medical and Pedagogical Commission) SBU SB "TSPPMSP” Lado". The
article also reveals the potential of medical examination procedures as a
systematic analysis aimed at assessing in a particular institution - the
quality of special conditions necessary for the education of children with
disabilities and improving the effectiveness of their psychological and
pedagogical support
Currently, one of the
priorities of Russia's educational policy is to provide affordable and
high-quality education to students of various categories, including those with
special needs. Taking into account the chosen development strategy, the problem
of research and evaluation of educational conditions, development of monitoring
tools and expert procedures in the field of education is updated. It is the
category of young citizens with various developmental and behavioral
disabilities that needs special, most intensive assistance and state support.
Accordingly, there is a need for a special preparation of the educational
environment to include participants with different opportunities in educational
relationships.
Here is the definition of
expertise in education given by G. A. Mkrtychyan (2002): "Expertise in
education is a special way of studying innovative phenomena and processes in
education, which has the goal to discover the development potential in
them" [1].
In our work, expertise is
considered as a special practical and applied method of studying the
educational environment, which aims to analyze the quality of special
conditions and identify resources for the development of the system of
psychological and pedagogical support for students with special educational
needs.
Statistics show that
there is an annual increase in the number of students with special educational
needs, which include children with disabilities as well as children with
deviant (asocial) patterns of behavior.
The creation of special
conditions at the level of individual educational organizations is a necessary
factor, in the absence of which it will be impossible for this category of
students to obtain a high-quality education. These include the following
conditions:
·
Development
of an adapted basic general education program,
·
Creation
of special conditions for the organization of state final certification,
·
Coordination
and direction of correctional work of support specialists.
The basis for creating
special conditions for receiving education in an educational organization,
including the provision of psychological and pedagogical assistance, is the
conclusion of the PMPC. In accordance with the recommendations of the PMPC set
out in the conclusion, special conditions are created in educational
organizations and the necessary psychological and pedagogical assistance is
provided for students, taking into account their psychophysical characteristics
[2].
For students with
disabilities, when it comes to getting an education the following tasks are of
primary importance:
·
Accessibility
of education, which is ensured by the variability of the educational system,
the use of distance learning technologies;
·
Compliance
of educational conditions with the opportunities and needs of students, which
is guaranteed by the system of psychological, pedagogical, medical and social
support in the educational organization at the place of training and
upbringing;
·
The
quality of educational services provided by qualified personnel, the
functioning of the psychological and pedagogical council, which ensures the
implementation of psychological and pedagogical support services [3].
The relevance of
monitoring the consideration of PMPC recommendations is currently recognized by
the scientific community: large-scale studies have been conducted (Moscow State
University of Psychology and Education), the results of which make it necessary
to describe the system, the algorithm for organizing and conducting expert
research. Results of studying the problem of monitoring the implementation of
PMPC recommendations made by the Central PMPC of the Sverdlovsk region at the
regional level, they indicate that the education of students with special needs
can be effective only if there is a comprehensive system of psychological and
pedagogical support [3].
According to the
legislation of the Russian Federation, in each educational organization, a
psychological and pedagogical council should be created and carry out its
activities (hereinafter referred to as PPC), the functions of which are to
ensure the process of accompanying each student with special educational needs.
Based on the foregoing,
the professional activities of IU cross-disciplinary team PPC is focused on the
development of tactical tasks and specifications of necessary educational
conditions for implementation of the recommended PMPC educational route:
creation of adapted educational programs, selection and individualization of
specific correctional programs and technologies, the clarification of the objectives
of the pedagogical support, dynamic observation and control of the
effectiveness of correctional measures [4].
State budgetary
institution of the Sverdlovsk region "Center of psychological,
pedagogical, medical and social assistance "Lado "(SBU SO "TSPPMSP
" Lado") for more than ten years has been actively developing forms
of professional interaction and cooperation with the PPC of educational
organizations within the framework of contractual relations with participation
of the municipal body in charge of management in the field of education - the
local self-government body "Management of education of the Polevskoy city
district" (hereinafter referred to as the OMS "Management of
education"). TPMPC specialists are an important link in the organization
that provides psychological and pedagogical support for students with special
educational needs, solving the problems of determining special conditions for
obtaining education and analyzing the consideration of recommendations at the
level of educational organizations.
The experience of
professional interaction of TPMPC SBU SO "TSPPMSP "Lado" with
educational organizations of the Polevskoy city district allows you to:
·
Generalize
the technology of structured assessment (monitoring) within the framework of the
quality assessment procedure of special conditions necessary for students with
disabilities to receive education, with disabilities and deviant (antisocial)
behavior;
·
Present
the technology of structured assessment in the form of a program of expertise
with a reflection of all the elements to be analyzed, participants, formulation
and receiving feedback.
The examination program
helps to identify regulatory, organizational, program and methodological
aspects of correctional and developmental work with children, to determine the
potential capabilities and resources of the organization that help the child
overcome difficulties in learning (upbringing) and development. In addition,
the program involves an interview with participants in educational relations,
which is focused on determining the level of professional competence and
highlighting difficulties that hinder the effectiveness of activities.
The algorithm for
conducting an expert examination of the quality of special conditions for
obtaining education involves a sequence of organizational and methodological
procedures and can be presented in four stages:
preparatory, research,
analytical, and projective.
Let us discuss the main
content of each of the above stages of the algorithm under consideration in
more detail.
Preparatory stage
It includes the
definition of goals and objectives, joint planning of activities with
educational organizations with the approval and mandatory participation of a
specialist in the Compulsory Health Insurance System "Education
Management", and the preparation of expert examination software.
The purpose of the
examination is to monitor the implementation of the recommendations of the PMPC
by identifying and analyzing the quality of special conditions for obtaining
education by students with disabilities examined at the PMPC, determining the
compliance of the created conditions with the requirements of current
legislation.
Expert review tasks:
·
analyze
the organizational and content conditions created in the educational organization
to provide psychological and pedagogical support for students with
disabilities;
·
analyze
the regulatory, organizational, methodological, and personnel conditions of the
psychological and pedagogical council of an educational organization;
·
prepare
recommendations for improving special conditions for obtaining education in the
organization of a system of psychological and pedagogical support for students
with disabilities.
At the preparatory stage,
an order is drawn up that regulates the expert activity of TPMPC specialists
and includes information on the terms of the examination, the schedule of the
examination, the composition of the expert commission and responsible
specialists. A detailed program for conducting the procedure, the form of the
report on the results of the expert examination, and the forms of reporting
documentation for summarizing the data and presenting the results are being
developed.
At the preparatory stage,
an order is designed that regulates the expert activities of PMPC specialists
and includes information about the terms of the examination, the schedule of
the examination, the composition of the expert commission and responsible
specialists. A detailed program of the procedure, the form of the report on the
results of the examination, the forms of the reporting documentation for
summarizing the data and presenting the results are being developed.
The package of documents
additionally includes a questionnaire for specialists of the PPC, report forms
of monitoring, which are filled out and sent to the TPMPC before the expert
examination.
Research stage
At this stage, the main
practical content of the examination is implemented. The research procedure is
carried out with the planned exit of an expert commission consisting of
specialists of the TPMPC and specialists of education management to the
educational organization in the following forms:
·
analysis
of documentation submitted by the educational organization;
·
attending
lessons and correctional and developmental classes of specialized specialists;
·
interview
with the administration and specialists of psychological and pedagogical
support.
In the most general form, the examination program can be presented as follows (Table 1).
Table 1: The program of quality assessment of special educational conditions for students with disabilities surveyed by TPMPC.
Table 2: Certificate based on the results of the quality assessment of special conditions for obtaining education for students with disabilities surveyed by the TPMPC.
Content components of the expert examination |
Documents submitted by the educational organization (hereinafter referred to as the EO ) |
Expertise of the regulatory framework: - analysis of documents regulating the correctional and
educational work in educational institutions
with the children surveyed TPMC; - analysis of documents regulating the
activities of PPS, speech therapy item
|
- basic educational program of the EO (see "Program of remedial
work"); - adapted the basic educational program of the EO (according to nosological
groups of children with disabilities); - - annual plan of the EO (plan of in-school
control; - - regulations on the organization of activities of PPC; - - provision on speech therapy
point; - - - PPC work plans; - - PPC hearings; - register of children who have undergone TPMPC, and recommendations; - - personal files of children with disabilities; - - work schedules of specialists; - - cyclograms of specialists' work. |
Examination of the quality of correctional and
developmental work with children examined by TPMPC: - analysis of information and
analytical materials; - attendance of lessons / classes |
- - cards of dynamics of development of children with disabilities who are
being supported; - - records of the implementation of the recommendations of the TPMPC. - analytical materials of the EO on the control of work with children with
disabilities, including the implementation of the recommendations of the
TPMPC; - the curriculums of the teachers
working with children with disabilities; -- educational work plans for
class teachers / educators working with disabled children; - hearings of the pedagogical councils; - monitoring the participation of children with disabilities in activities
aimed at their socialization. |
Expertise of software and methodological support for
correctional and developmental work with children with disabilities -analysis of approved diagnostic tools; - analysis of the educational and methodological
complex and the technical training tools used. |
- certificate of diagnostic
techniques (tools) used in remedial and diagnostic activities, taking into
account characteristics of children with disabilities; -
EO certificate on the availability of the
specialized textbooks and teaching materials, specialized literature,
program-methodical sets; - EO certificate on the availability of the specialized equipment used in
remedial and diagnostic activities, taking into account characteristics of
children with disabilities. |
Examination personnel conditions for
correctional-developing work with students with disabilities surveyed TPMC - analysis of staffing qualified personnel |
- information on staffing of the EO,
including correctional-developing work with children with disabilities
(education, work experience with children with disabilities, job category,
information on professional development for 3 years); - a certificate of the staffing of the PPC (position in the EO, education,
work experience, including in the PPC, qualification category, information on
advanced training for 3 years). |
Expert review of
the legal framework | |||
of p/a |
Controlled
aspect |
Availability + in stock + partially - none |
Quality[1] 3 – high level 2-medium level 1 – low level |
1.1 |
Laws and regulations of the Russian Federation, the Sverdlovsk Region,
and the Polevskoy City District applicable in the field of education that
reflect the requirements for organizing correctional and developmental work
with children with disabilities |
|
|
1.2 |
Local acts, orders and other documents of the public organization
regulating the organization of correctional and developmental work with
children examined for TPMPC, both in special correctional classes/groups and
in mass classes / groups |
|
|
1.3 |
Local acts, orders, and other documents of the public organization
regulating the activity of the PPC |
|
|
Conclusions: | |||
Expertise of the organizational and content process
of correctional and developmental work with children examined for TPMPC, both
in special correctional classes/groups, and in mass classes/groups | |||
n/a |
Controlled
aspect |
Availability + in stock + partially - none |
Quality 3 – high level 2-medium level 1 – low level |
1 |
The main
educational program of the EO (section " Correctional work program») |
|
|
2 |
Adapted
basic educational program of public organizations (for nosological groups of
children with disabilities): - name; -
familiarization of parents (legal representatives); -
necessary conditions; -
provision of conditions |
|
|
3 |
Work
programs of teachers working with children with disabilities |
|
|
4 |
Educational
plans for classroom teachers working with disabled children |
|
|
5 |
Materials
of intra-school control regarding the work of public organizations with
children with disabilities |
|
|
6 |
Statistics
of participation of disabled children in activities aimed at their
socialization |
|
|
7 |
Journal of
registration of children who have passed the TPMPC |
|
|
8 |
Regulation
on the organization of the activity of the PPC of the Public Association
Council |
|
|
9 |
PPC’s
schedule of activities |
|
|
10 work plans |
Hearings of PPC meetings |
|
|
11 |
Records of
children's development dynamics with specific deadlines and assessment of the
results of correctional and developmental work |
|
|
12 |
Implementation |
|
|
of TPMC
recommendations 13 |
Analytical
materials of specialized specialists (monitoring of psychological and
pedagogical support activities) |
|
|
14 |
Schedules
of specialist’s work |
|
|
15 |
Schedules (regulations) of specialists |
|
|
' work 16 |
Personal
files of children with disabilities (parent statements) |
|
|
Conclusions: |
|
| |
Expertise of software and methodological support for
the process of correctional and developmental work with children surveyed by
TPMPC | |||
p/p |
Controlled
aspect |
Availability + in stock + partially - none |
Quality 3 – high level 2-medium level 1 – low level |
1 |
Correctional and diagnostic methods that meet the criteria of correctional and diagnostic activity |
|
|
2 |
Diagnostic tools for examining students |
|
|
3 |
Availability of textbooks, teaching aids, didactic materials, specialized
literature, special technical training tools, computer programs, etc. in the
educational and methodical complex. |
|
|
Conclusions: |
|
| |
Examination of the staff conditions
that ensure correctional and developmental work with children examined at the
TPMPC | |||
n/a |
Controlled
aspect |
Availability + in stock + partially - missing |
Quality 3 – high level 2-medium level 1 – low level |
1 |
Staff of the public
organization that provides psychological and pedagogical support for children
with disabilities (information about education,
teaching experience, qualification
category, information about advanced training for 3 years), including: |
|
|
1.1 1.2 |
Primary school teachers Senior school teachers |
|
|
1.3 |
speech therapists |
|
|
1.4 |
defectologist |
|
|
1.5 |
teacher-psychologist |
|
|
1.6 |
social teacher |
|
|
1.7 |
teacher-tutor |
|
|
1.8 |
Chairman of the PPC-Deputy Director for educational
work/ administrator-curator |
|
|
1.9 |
pediatrician (nurse,
paramedic), etc. |
|
|
Conclusions: |
|
| |
Interview with the head of an
educational organization | |||
| |||
in / n |
Areas
of analysis |
Discussion
results |
Problems
and solutions |
1. |
Compliance
of the regulatory framework of the educational organization's activities with
the requirements |
|
|
2. |
Compliance of the educational conditions created in
the public organization with the recommendations of TPMPK |
|
|
3. |
Structure of interaction between EO’s specialists in
psychological and pedagogical support of
children with disabilities (activities of the PPC, interdepartmental
interaction) |
|
|
4. |
Organization
of psychological and pedagogical support for children with disabilities examined by
TPMPC |
|
|
[1] The quality of special conditions
for education is evaluated on a 3-point scale according to the following
indicators: - compliance with the regulatory requirements
for the organization of educational activities; - the completeness of the disclosure of the
content and the correctness of the documentation; - implementation of an individual approach in
the correctional and developmental process, taking into account the
psychophysical characteristics of students.
|
Analytical stage
The analysis of research
data obtained during the expert procedure at the previous stage allows us to
determine and record in the act of expertise indicators for monitoring the
implementation of TPMPK recommendations, indicating the availability and
quality assessment in accordance with the controlled aspect of educational
activities (Table 2).
The projective stage
The expert procedures are
completed by summarizing the conclusions and describing the qualitative and
quantitative results of monitoring the implementation of the TPMPC
recommendations in the form of an information and analytical reference
containing detailed recommendations for designing a correctional and
educational environment.
The results of conducting
expert procedures in a separate educational organization are specified in the
following analyzed aspects:
·
organizational
and content aspect of the process of psychological and pedagogical support for
children with disabilities;
·
software
and methodological aspect of ensuring the correctional and educational process;
·
staff
conditions created in the educational organization for the implementation of
psychological and pedagogical support.
Further, detailed
recommendations are formulated to improve the conditions created in the
educational organization for children with disabilities to receive education. The
most important factor that determines the effectiveness of solving this problem
is the professional interaction of interdisciplinary teams of specialists of
the PMPC and PPC of educational organizations their readiness for timely and
coordinated adoption of administrative and pedagogical measures.
If there is a need for
additional correctional and developmental assistance to students with
disabilities and children with disabilities, the scope of which goes beyond the
capabilities of the educational organization, it is possible to organize joint
complementary psychological, medical and pedagogical support within the
framework of agreements between educational organizations and the State
Budgetary Institution with "TSPPMSP "Lado", in the structure of
which TPMPC operates. This makes it possible to combine efforts aimed at
implementing the recommendations of the PMPC and individualizing the educational
process as a whole [5-8].