Article Type : Research Article
Authors : Run Xu
Keywords : Company R&D; Concept; Cost control; Nonlinear modelling; Investment; Human resource
Modern companies are increasingly putting research and
development investment at the forefront of their research, but their cost
control is not so much research. Modern enterprise is gradually towards the
digital ? network and intelligent development, so the evaluation of enterprise
R&D investment is becoming the important issue. Many university professors
and institute researchers have gone beyond universities and institutions to
become proponents of corporate research. They are no longer just in the small
world of school and unit to the enterprise community. We believe that the
global economy is still in a post-financial crisis depression and enterprises
are facing a downturn. Therefore, R&D investment needs to be vigilant and
forward-looking. All kinds of modelling in colleges and universities have put
forward and modelled the social practical problems as the issue problems, so
that the formal things can be obtained from rapidly sorting out the formulas.
There are units and multiple nonlinear regressions, which have a correspondence
between the statistical calculation of a single and several factors, and a
correspondence between the calculations of the transition from simple to
complex. Nonlinear analysis can be used for comprehensive and general analysis,
and multiple nonlinear methods can be used for more complex trends. To quickly
calculate and reduce the workload to adapt to the current needs of the project.
This can put forward the observation and solve the problem ASAP as soon as
possible, and can quickly predict the future law development trend, so as to
prepare for the present and make unremitting efforts.
If we build a computational model, what is the
error? And the fact that this equation has all of these factors, I might as
well do some error evaluation on them, do regression analysis, and see if this
formula is accurate. And finally, just to give you a little bit of data to see
what the error is going to be, if the error is small then this is a normal
formula. Another is the tendency line formula, which gives us a good
approximation of the core of the data. There will still be some problems, we
need to improve slowly. First, non-linearity is fine, but non linearity is
tricky. Second, we need to figure out what the comparability is between
different data, what the criteria are, how the curves are distributed. Third,
each method is not the same specific use of which method is reliable. The
concept of cost is good, that is, you have a series of summary and induction of
which several aspects [1,2]. In the company, raw materials are relatively good
management system, and each process and process may become the target of cost
control, finally, the addition of equipment caused by the reduction of raw
materials and process costs. Among them, process cost control is the most
difficult, which requires the continuous attention and research of technicians
and skill workers to what they are engaged in to find the way of cost
reduction. You have to distinguish between the important and the secondary.
Such ability creates profit, do not again inside small scope is restrained and
cannot realize large scope. Dare to throw out the secondary and grasp the
primary. Do the important first, then the secondary. Overview the R&D
(research & development) is important factor to creative design product and
device in factory which is controlled by now since its overmuch usefulness in
some corporation which causes over capacity so that it will waste expense and
capital. This wastes much resource. The nonlinear modelling will be established
through raw investigation data to search the capital cost in many respects
which will result in curve to be convenient to search and consider. If these
two factors are combined to investigate each other some resolutions will be
created as well. On the contrary if the nonlinear modelling is first proposed
and then R&D cost is afterward it will be instructive suggestion for us to
define the detail capital and human arrangement in advance. So it is first
design and then erection in this turn the reasonable arrangement can be
completed so that it will reduce cost and time.at last the human resource has
been discussed in detail for person including in R&D and some important
department to be hired who has certain role in a company. In this paper the
detail research about R&D and modelling is proceeded in order to reduce
cost and time in a factory.
Discussion on
regression equation
If the income is good,
we will get one or several parameter formulas, and then can be evaluated, this
deviation is not the best? There will be a return in a better deviation, and
then the conditions will be created to reap extraordinary benefits. So benign
development is one of the things we need to look for. It is necessary to
understand the connotation of phenomenon mining. For example so and so fry a
success in that inside can have unusual content, can have a few taboo place and
when bold investment, investment gains profit repeatedly. So we have to summarize
and learn from each other. You can also start by looking at some of the survey
reports in the book and regressing this parameter, and we'll just use the formula.
He said that this error evaluation is wonderful and I will return to the survey
data and analyze it carefully. Is there anything of continuing value? Does that
make Japan a more organized society? There will be a lot of scientific
calculation in the cost calculation of economics, which requires relevant books
to be substituted into the calculation of Numbers. Is there any effect on some
of these phenomena? How are things? Success is achieved if everything is good. He
doesn't read too much, so maybe we'll evaluate it in other ways or maybe there
are other companies that are better suited to that. So that's the data. Think
about it. Where did he go wrong? Are there any improvements to the realistic
meaning of the parameters? Like the economics of finance, finance, accounting,
and his econometrics. There are not many of them, so Mitsubishi University in
Japan is one of the top six in the world, even if it is. There was a university
that was devoted to satirical criticism and refinement of phenomena of interest
to them, and he had to do detailed calculations to come to a conclusion. So it
has become a kind of public school with an MBA and DBA professional gradient.
These major are the student that the liberal arts compares fierce comes to do a
project, some people are maths ace. Even better are schools like IMD in
Switzerland and Harvard business school in the United States. There are also a
number of graduate students in the United States at the rose school of business
in Michigan MBA and PhD activities in the United States. Ichibashi University
also has American DBA graduates who came to Tokyo for education, so it is
estimated that it should be similar to ichibashi. Since I used to be a
technologist 5 or 6 years ago, I downloaded 20 or 30 American doctoral dissertations
in a university library in the United States, so there should also be DBA
dissertations. Some of them have written over 300 pages of doctoral
dissertations. Higher mathematics in the United States is also difficult and
focuses on application and innovation. It’s hundreds of pages. So the volume of
papers in the United States is huge. So now when I go to college, I have a
department with a few Chinese doctoral students and a few research professors.
Most of the PhD graduates I know have worked as postdocs there for several
years after graduating from the us and then returned to universities or
research institutes for long-term research. Some have settled there and become
American professors or researchers. There are also Chinese professors, also
from the domestic PhD graduates, solid theoretical foundation. There are also
those from the United States who have written some papers and graduated from
famous brands, so they have doctorates in business administration from China,
Japan and the United States, which is better in terms of complementarity. The
Chinese do the theoretical work, the Japanese do the modelling and analysis of
the future market trends, while the Americans do much the same. If you have a
computational model and it's a useful equation, and you take everything into
account, then you might as well look at some of the error equations and the
deviations and see if the formula is accurate. And then finally, I'm going to
plug in the data and see what the error is going to be, and if the error is
small that means that this is a good one. There is another formula that has
some problems and we need to improve It.: whether its method is suitable for
something in the range. It can be evaluated by the error method. A large error
indicates that it is not suitable for this situation and the method needs to be
changed. The easiest formula is the most economical.
Concept of cost
The concept of cost
involves a number of considerations for these aspects. Income can be defined by
a very simple formula, which can then be calculated and evaluated. This error
is the standard. You can also investigate or practice them and return to their
parameters. This error evaluation is then regressed to the survey data, so that
the survey is more reliable, after all, after two people have investigated and
analyzed. Cost is an important factor of an enterprise, because only low cost
can make the enterprise profitable, it is the life symbol of the enterprise. Only
continuous cost control is the key to the enterprise's viability and survival. For
example, the cost of research and development determines the amount of input
into new products in the future. The research and development of a new product
should have a scientific and reasonable starting point and end point, only in
this way can it play a more efficient and lower cost role. The cost of an
enterprise's investment in r&d is now the main criterion to evaluate its
corporate strength. Huawei are already spending about 30% of their profits on
i-phone research and development, just as the US spends a large proportion on
military spending. Only constant input and innovation can make enterprises full
of vitality and occupy the leading position in the world. But want to grasp
good reasonable and scientific control, do not throw blindly, need to have
dimension to hold. Low cost is reflected not only in scientific arrangement of
personnel and time, but also in the need for a reasonable period of time. This
requires professionals to formulate the relevant cycle trend, in a reasonable
time to play a high efficiency role in order to control the current situation
of high research and development costs. Think about it if 30% research and
development to support it can play a scientific and technological innovation
based production atmosphere, encourage everyone's awareness of learning, who
does not have knowledge will be left behind. Can graduating from college
enliven business as much as graduating from high school? Can their chi function
equally? Of course, whoever puts in more will have more effect. Can the
engineering department of an enterprise compare with the technical department? There
are hundreds of engineers in the engineering department and only a few in the
technology department, and their roles are certainly not comparable. It is
because of the number of orders and the variety of products and then the
complexity of the products that one person is unable to complete the order of
three types. And high product prices need to be cautious. Unlike some of the
cheaper products, a few engineers designing hundreds of them over the course of
a few years have done so with profit in mind. A large enterprise does not even
have a basic research department for long-term development, that is, a system
that emphasizes maximum productivity without considering the company's
long-term plans.
Cost of human
resources
People are interchangeable and can flow
properly, it's a question of who has the ability and who will be an engineer
for how long. Blindly to the exclusion of the main, fear of staff loss how can
be a long-term solution? So large enterprises are also a lot of talent, the
transfer of outstanding personnel is also a lot of. How can an enterprise
survive for a long time because of its lack of talent? For some personnel to
pay high salaries to retain to prevent the technical ability to reduce or even
interrupt, and for non-technical jobs can be appropriately replaced to increase
liquidity and employment, reduce the waste of capital. For example, the
production department is mainly staffed by young people, most of whom graduate
from junior high school and go to appropriate jobs regardless of the salary. This
part of the staff can be adjusted appropriately. The thing of production line
can be simple church can mount guard. You don't need more education to get
things done. Some of the older employees are hired on a yearly basis by signing
contracts. For them they can be exchanged to maintain savings in capital. If
they are not satisfied with the salary, they can leave the enterprise, do not
stay. Because no one wants to work hard without a pay raise and stay in the
business. And this part of the people most headache just to the enterprise not
long to leave the enterprise, but also most do not want to. Choose between
wages and business. This is better for women, who can stay longer in one
company rather than switch to a job at the same wage. They're not going to
leave the business unless the environment is better. Nor will fighting add to
the trouble. In addition, if the turnover of the business department increases,
the main staff will continue to be retained; if the turnover is not good, the
staff will be replaced according to the time limit so as to avoid the rise of
wages alone without giving play to the role of the business staff [3]. In addition, if the purchasing department fails
to provide timely guarantee or control the price, it needs to reduce the staff
with low ability in order to improve the sales results in a year. Only in this
way can the quality of the products produced be guaranteed to rise continuously
and the annual promotion plan can be implemented. For example, the annual
increase of the enterprise is set at 10%, there must be adjustments in these
parts to implement the specific plan. For example, the sales department
increases staff or adjusts advertising and other means to promote orders and
the purchasing department needs to cooperate with the sales department to
provide timely guarantee of materials to the production department so as to
smoothly produce this batch of extra orders. Some are under the problem of
price reduction delay order time and delay the accurate delivery of materials,
there are also some people are to earn kickbacks, is to buy at a low price and
then high price, and then from the supplier to recover part of the loss to
them, this is to earn kickbacks. Therefore, the inspection of this phenomenon
can prevent the problem of delay in procurement. The production department will
produce the goods in time and with good quality. The production department
performs the inspection according to the purchased raw materials combined with
the technical quality department and carries out the production under the plan
of the production management department and improves the quality under the
incentive. This may also lead to price changes and a reputation for high
quality products. People with high academic qualifications, such as PHDS, need
to be cautious and make sure that they play their due role in dispatching
important positions. Don't look down upon and casually give a level to be
managed, a waste of human resources! Know that college is their ultimate
destination. They want to get practical opportunities or do not smoothly enter
the university but advanced enterprises. In order to cultivate the quality of
the next generation of students also consider, do not just try to use their
simple ideas and use them to do the work should not make them regret for a
lifetime. Know that if companies fail to get what they deserve, they will
complain for a lifetime. Unemployment is the end. What a waste of talent it
would be if they did not want to know! So the enterprise introduces high
academic record talented person to need to be careful! Don't act responsible
without responsible introduction.
In the cost calculation of economics,
there will be many parameters that they carry out according to statistics. We
can just substitute these numbers into the calculation. This have any effect on
some of these phenomena or equations. If it's too obvious, then maybe we'll
evaluate it in a different way or we'll suggest to other companies that it's
better to test the data, and that's the practical condition that we need to
have. If something goes wrong with the program we should really think about
where it went wrong. There is improvement on the realistic meaning of
parameters.
Cost control should be carried out for
reinvestment of enterprises, so that reasonable investment can bring tangible
benefits to enterprises. For R & D investment should be carried out within
the predictable scope, remember not to blindly expand the investment. Some
adjustments can be made to unskilled positions to save money. And the post with
high technical content should employ people carefully, lest the technology of
core component development is slow or even interrupt.