Article Type : Research Article
Authors : Orlov SA
Keywords : Theory of atomic vortex gravitation; Cosmology and cosmogony; Strength; Mass and energy substances
The evidence that the
strength of anybody provide nuclear forces of gravity. The nuclear force of
gravity generated by the essential micro vortices. The vortex creates a
pressure gradient in the ether. The pressure gradient is the source of nuclear
energy. The nuclear force of gravity on the surface of the cores is equal for
all elementary particles.
The strength of any substance is created interatomic
forces of attraction. In modern science these are called electrostatic or
quantum-mechanical. The nature of the interatomic forces, there are following
types of communication in solids: ionic, covalent, metallic, hydrogen bond, Van
der Waals forces [1]. In this paper we propose to consider a new model of the
interatomic bonds. The interatomic forces of attraction is the atomic force of
gravity. The proposed physical model is based on the theory of vortex
gravitation, cosmology and cosmogony. The next chapter presents the basic
principles of the theory of vortex gravitation.
In the theory, the vortex gravitation, cosmology and
cosmogony states that outer space is of ether vortices. These vortices (torsion
bars) created:
·
Celestial bodies
(objects) and elementary particles,
·
The force of attraction
between them.
Vortices and the corresponding body of different
value. The largest terrestrial vortex, which can observe people it's a
universal vortex, the smallest nuclear. The orbital speed of ether in each
vortex decreases toward the periphery of the vortex according to the inverse
square law. Speed of the ether is several orders of magnitude greater than the
speed of light. The change of orbital velocity in a closed volume ether create
in this volume is inversely proportional to the change in pressure. Reducing
the pressure in a whirlwind, forcing all of the bodies, according to the law of
Archimedes, to move in the direction of least pressure, that is, to the center of
the torsion bar (atom). These Archimedian forces are the forces of gravity.
Such a pattern acts the same in all essential vortices. The ether is super
small dense gas. It consists of the smallest particles amers [2]. Ether freely
permeates anybody or substance, except for super-dense bodies, which are the
nuclei of atoms. Therefore, according to the law of Archimedes, the vortex
gravitation force do not act on the body mass. These forces act on the total
amount of nucleons in the body, which is in the vortex flow ether. According to
the vortex cosmogony, the atoms was created micro vortices 1st order. In the
center of atom vortex gravitational force achieves huge quantities. This force
of gravity produces the same huge compressive force on ether's substances
(amers) in the center of the vortex. Therefore, the substance in the center of
the atomic vortex is condensed to the limit values and ether cannot penetrate
it. This center is the nucleus of the atom. By the rotation of the ether near
the surface of the nucleus, it acts the resistance of this surface. Therefore,
on the lower orbits of the atomic vortex, turbulence occurs and vortices even
smaller 2-th order. Micro vortices 2-nd order less micro vortices 1-th order to
an enormous value. Micro vortices 2nd order creates ultrafine particles of
appropriate size. These particles create the substance of the atom, which
surrounds the nucleus of the atom. As the distance from the atomic nucleus
vortex gravitation force decreases. Therefore, the substance of the atom,
outside of its nucleus, also reduces its density is proportional to the force
of gravity and the distance from the center of the atom. Consequently, the flow
of atomic vortex freely permeates the matter outside the nucleus of an atom.
Based on the above it can be concluded that the force of atomic attraction
begins to have effect from the surface of the atomic nucleus and decreases in
accordance with the classical law of inverse square distance from the center of
the atom. In modern physics it is argued that the density of substance nucleons
is the same in all elementary particles [3,4]. This claim corresponds to the
proposed atomic model. As mentioned above, the density of the nucleus and the
force of compression or force of gravity on the surface of the nuclei should be
maximum and equal for all atoms (substances).
In the theory of vortex gravitation derived the following equation to determine the strength of the vortex gravitation, including atomic [5]:
V
– Volume of nucleons, which is the strength of the vortex gravitation,
Vr
- The speed of the orbital circulation of
ether on a given orbit,
r
- The radius of the orbit, which is determined by the strength of the vortex
gravitation,
r
= 8.85 ? 10-12 kg/ m3 is the density of ether [6].
The above proposed gravitational principle of creation
and the existence of atoms and atomic nucleus in modern science is not studied.
Consequently, there is no calculation principles of interatomic forces of
attraction based on the concept of gravity. The following chapter provides a
review of the calculation of atomic forces of gravity. Interatomic attraction
force is determined, not energy.
The strength of the vortex, atomic gravity depends on
the speed of rotation of the whirlwind atomic ether (Equation we define this
rate for an atomic, etheric vortex uranium, based on experimental properties.
On the basis of the relationship between the orbital velocity of the ether from the radius of the orbit of determined by the speed of rotation of the ether on the surface of the nucleus
15. Orbital velocity of the ether vr =
16. Defined vortex force of gravity on the surface of the nucleus, based on the inverse square law of distance Fn / Fa = Ra / Rn:
The same scheme is
defined the force of gravity on the surface of the atomic nuclei for other
substances. The results are shown in (Table 1).
The atomic value of
gravity at the surface of nuclei of various substances equal, in the same order.
Note 1. The calculation of gravitational forces of an atom of uranium – not complete and not accurate as it does not include the gravitational force from other neigh boring atoms and are based on experimental values.
Table 1: The results are shown.
Note 2. The calculation of gravity, atomic forces on the classical laws of gravity (Newton's theory and Einstein's) is impossible, since in these theories the source of gravitational forces are the masses of the bodies, measured in kilograms. Therefore, the results of calculations according to the classical equations differ from the actual values tremendously. For example determine the force of attraction between the atoms of uranium on the basis of the equation of universal gravitation Newton:
On the basis of Newton’s
equations the magnitude of the nuclear gravitation (1,4 ? 10-40) to 1028 times smaller than the
actual, experimental (2.8 x 10-12). Thus known classical gravitation
theory for the study of micro particles cannot be used. So have any new
concepts interatomic attraction.
Name |
Gold |
Coppe |
Silver |
Uranium |
Platinum |
Fn |
2,1x1038 xVA |
1,2x1039 xVA |
4,5x1038 x VA |
4,7 x 1038xVA |
3.4 x 1038 xVA |
Note 2. The calculation of gravity, atomic forces on the classical laws of gravity (Newton's theory and Einstein's) is impossible, since in these theories the source of gravitational forces are the masses of the bodies, measured in kilograms. Therefore, the results of calculations according to the classical equations differ from the actual values tremendously. For example determine the force of attraction between the atoms of uranium on the basis of the equation of universal gravitation Newton:
On the basis of Newton’s
equations the magnitude of the nuclear gravitation (1,4 ? 10-40) to 1028 times smaller than the
actual, experimental (2.8 x 10-12). Thus known classical gravitation
theory for the study of micro particles cannot be used. So have any new
concepts interatomic attraction.
The velocity gradient of ether in the nuclear whirlwind (the torsion bar) creates not only the force of gravity, but acts as a source of energy. The article "the Equivalence of energy and mass of atomic energy" on the basis of the equation Mendeleev – Clayperon shows a property of a gaseous medium (ether) with the pressure to create energy. Selected energy E is determined by the equation:
vn =
7 ? 1017 – maximum speed of
air in the atomic vortex ( on the surface of the nucleus).
Vt -
volume of ethereal atomic vortex
r = 8.85 ? 10-12 kg/ m3
is the density of the ether
We define the energy
value of the uranium atom using an experimental Poincare formula.
E = m c2 = 3,
95 ? 10-25 ? 9 ? 1017 = 3, 55 ? 10-7 (J) (6)
m = 3, 95 ? 10-25
kg is the mass of the uranium atom
c = 3 ? 108
m/c is the speed of light
Substitute the numerical
values of E,r, Vn in equation (5), we define the atomic
volume, essential torsion.
In the theory of vortex gravitation the proof
that gravity, ethereal vortices have a disc-like configuration. Therefore, the
obtained volume of the torsion in equation (7) corresponds to its size with the
size of an atom. In particular, it can be essential torsion bar with a radius
of 10-8 m and the axial thickness of 10-10 m. Therefore, the equation for
determining the energy on the basis of the vortex gravitation (3) corresponds
to the experimental formula (6).
Note 3:
With the destruction of (splitting) of the atom (nucleus) is destroyed and
atomic torsion. The pressure in torsion increases sharply to the values of free
ether, which must be accompanied by the release of energy, according to the
formula (6).
Based on the above conclusions can be drawn: